Abstract: Translation can have long-term effects on whole languages and cultures. Translation is not a mere linguistic act, but mostly a cultural act, since language is by nature one of the major carriers of cultural elements. Thus, the translator's job is not merely translating and conveying words and sentences from the source text to the target text. Culture-specific items (culture-bound items) often cause translation problems. Identifying such items in the source text and locating their rendering in the target text has been the focus of the present study. This study has attempted, firstly, to locate culture-specific items in the source text— that is, Alice’s Adventures in the Wonderland—to find out how the translators have dealt with the concept of the universe of discourse or domain of discourse in Lefevere’s (1992) words. In conducting the research, the researcher has applied a qualitative, descriptive method focusing on the analysis of the texts. The culture-specific items in the source text have been classified in terms of Newmark’s (1988) taxonomy. The universe of discourse changed in several cases, mostly when two Persian translators used domestication strategy.