Abstract: Alternative assessments have received many attentions in the last decade and several forms of it have been introduced in higher education. Self-assessments are important forms of alternative assessments that play very important role in the development of lifelong learning and the development into autonomous individuals to evaluate their own learning process. This study is conducted to investigate the effects of the use of self-assessment on Iranian EFL reading comprehension skill. For the purpose of this study, 40 students of advanced level of English were chosen from among 68 advanced students from two institutions in Sanandaj based on the results of TOEFL proficiency test. A TOEFL test was administered to 68 advanced EFL learners to ensure their proficiency knowledge, then 40 of them whose scores were between - 1SDabove the mean and -1SD below the mean were selected as the subjects of the study. The results of the study indicated that there was a significant difference between the control and experimental groups` mean scores on the post test. In addition, the findings revealed that self-assessment had a positive effect on the reading ability of the students. The results of this study can be useful for students to become aware of the advantage of the independent learning and can be helpful for teachers to achieve complete information about the learners` strengths and weaknesses.